Ethernet is a traditional technology used to connect devices in wired local area networks (LAN) or wide area networks. It facilitates communication between devices through a set of rules or protocols, ensuring data transmission over physical cables. Ethernet offers advantages such as reliability, security, and speed compared to wireless LAN technology. It operates based on IEEE 802.3 standards, defining how devices format and transmit data within a network.
Ethernet cables are the physical wiring through which data travels, with various types evolving over time like twisted-pair and fiber optic cables. Ethernet has evolved from its inception in the 1970s to support higher speeds, with current versions reaching up to 400 gigabits per second (Gbps). Despite its benefits, Ethernet has limitations like being intended for smaller networks and requiring longer cables for connectivity.